Hair curler



A. CALDORA Qct. 15, 1940.

HAIR CURLER Filed May 28, 1940 ARM/ 0 INVENTOR. 6344 002/1 BY f ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 15, 1940 UNITED STATES HAIRCURLER Armand Caldera, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Pierre N. Y.

Michielli, Woodhaven, Long Island,

Application May 28, 1940, S rial No. 337,607

6 Claims.

' This invention relates to improvements inhair curlers and has particular reference to a type of curler such as disclosed in my United States Letters Patent No. 2,169,021, dated August 8,

An object of the invention is to provide an improved curler of simple and practical construction wherein provision is made in themandrel of the curler for ample circulation of air to facili- 10 tate drying of the hair, and wherein a hair strand-retaining clamp cooperates with the mandrel to hold a curl in place, with said mandrel and clamp having cooperative locking means that prevent any relative rotary movement between 15 said mandrel and clamp which might otherwise tend to loosen theformed curl.

The inventive idea involved is capable of receiving a variety of mechanical expressions one of which, for purposes of illustration, is shown in 20 the accompanying drawing wherein:

Figure l is a side elevation, partly broken away and shown in section, of a curler constructed in accordance with the invention, the device being shown in its open position preparatory to having 25 'a strand of hair wound upon the mandrel thereof.

Figure 2 is a transverse section through the curler, with the parts in the position of Figure l.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the strandretaining clamp forming a part of the curler.

Figure 4 is a side elevation of the curler in its closed position with a strand of hair wound thereon, the dotted lines indicating the manner in which the strand-retaining clamp may be flexed when releasing one end thereof from the mandrel.

35 Figures 5, 6, and 7 are transverse sections taken on the lines 5-5, 6--6, and 'I'|, respectively, of

Figure 4.

Figure 8 is an elevational view taken at right angles tov Figure 4, showing the curler in its closed or operative. position, but without the strand wound thereon, and

Figure 9 is a fragmentary longitudinal section illustrating pivotal mounting for the two members of the mandrel and the means'for holding 5 them in cooperative relation.

' The principal elements of the present curler are preferably moulded from a suitable synthetic resinous or plastic material having some degree of resiliency, but it will, of course, be understood 50 that other products may be employed in the manufacture of the curler without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

The mandrel of the present device is shown as comprising the cooperative sections or members I0 and II the major portions oi which constitute the areaup'on which a strand of hair is to be wound, with said portions tapered longitudinally toward the end of the mandrel remote from the gripping portions l2 by means of which the sections l0 and H may be separated preparatory to inserting the end of a hair strand therebetween in the process of winding the strand upon the mandrel. Suitable means are provided for yieldably maintaining the sections I0, I I, in closed cooperative position and for pivotally connecting 10 the same whereby the sections may be separated for the introduction of ,the end of a strand of hair as previously mentioned. This means is similar to that shown in the above-identified patent and consists of a fulcrum comprising two downwardly projecting rounded portions l3, one on each longitudinal side of the member l0 and formed transversely on the inner surface of the section I0 contiguous to the grips 2 and adjacent reduced portion Id of the mandrel. Said projecting portions l3 are seated in correspondingly shaped grooves I5 formed in the section II to provide the pivotal connection between the mandrel sections. Adjacent this pivotal connection, the inner surface of the section II) between the projecting portions I3 is provided with an elongated, longitudinally extending recess l6 (Figure 9) adapted to receive a similarly shaped rib or fin I1 formed integrally on the member II which, due to its position in the recess l6, pre- 80 vents lateral shifting of one mandrel section relative to'the other. The means for yieldably maintaining the mandrel sections in closed cooperative relation, and for also holding thesections against complete separation, one from the other, comprises a wire spring i8 of U-form, the legs of which are inserted from the grip end of the mandrel into longitudinal slots I9 formed for the I purpose in outer surfaces of themandrel sections.

By placing the ribor fin ll between the pro- 40 jections I3 forming the fulcrum, it is possible to shorten the length of the curler and, at the same time, reinforce the curler in its weakest portion whereit is of reduced diameter, as indicated at M.

The outer surface of each mandrel section is provided with a plurality of longitudinally extending grooves 20 which provide for the circulation of air, when a strand of hair is wound upon. the mandrel, to assist in the drying of the hair. At the outer reduced ends of the sections H), H

. other grooves 2| are formed in the outer surfaces -of said sections, and these grooves form corresponding ribs 22 the purpose of which will appear in the course of description. The reduced portion a purpose which will later appear. The inner opsurfaces of the sections l8, Ii are also provided with aligned grooves 24 which extend from a point adjacent the concave portion ll of the mandrel to the outer extremities of the sections. The groove 28 of each of the mandrel sections is connected to one of the exterior grooves 28, preferably the central one, by a series of transverse air vents 28 which extends longitudinally for the major portion of the length of the section. Preferably, the vents 28 in one mandrel section i8, H are opposed to or-aligned with corresponding vents in the other section: These, vents are provided for the purpose of further aiding in the free circulation of air through the hair strand wound upon the mandrel by permitting air entering the outer ends of the grooves 24 to pass outwardly through the vents into the grooves or channels 20 with which said vents communicate.

The curler is completed by the strand-retaining clamp 28. This clamp is in .the form of an elongated bar which, at one end, is bifurcated to provide the two arms 21 which form an intervening opening 28 therebetween. An arched end portion 28 extends at right angles from the outer extremities of the arms 21 and is provided with an aperture 80 through which the reduced portion H extends when the clamp is in its operative or closed position. The opening 28 communicates directly with the aperture 88 so as to afford a free swinging movement of the clamp from its closed to its inoperative position, as shown in Figure I, in which latter position the portion H of the mandrel is received in the opening 28 and the clamp extends at substantially right angles to the mandrel so as to permit of a strand of hair being wound upon the mandrel after the end of such strand has been clamped between the sections l8 and II. At the other end of the clamp 28 the saine is provided with diverging arms 8| which terminate in a right angular end portion 82 of smaller size than the end portion .29 and having an aperture 88 therein for receiving the reduced end ofthe mandrel when the clamp is'in its operative position. I

After a curl has been wound upon the mandrel and the clamp has been positioned, as in Figure 4, it is desirable to avoid any tendency for either the mandrel or clamp to turn relative to each other, which turning movement might loosen the wound curl. To this end, locking means are provided which cooperate with the grooves and ribs 2|, 22 at the outer extremity of the mandrel and with the grooves 28 formed in the concaved portion ll of the mandrel. Said locking means consist'of projections 88 and 85 formed, respectively, upon the edges of theapertures '38 and 88 in 'the two end portions 82 and 29, said projections being made by serrating said edges. When the clamp is in its operative position, the projections 88 in the portion 29 engage in the grooves 28 in the portion l8 and the projections 88 in the portion 82 engage in the grooves 2| at the outer end of the mandrel, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 7. This interengagement of the serrations 84 and 88 with the grooves 2| and 28 retain the mandrel and clamp against any relative rotary movement when the clamp is in its operative position andathe intermediate or bar portion thereof contacts with the outer convolutions of the wound curl, as showninr'igure4. ltisalsotobenot dthabae aai'aosa illustrated in Figure 8, the interengagement of theserrationsflwiththegroovesandrihfl," is assured by reason of the separation ofthe meeting edgesofthemandrel sections II, II causedby the introduction of the end of the strandof hair 5 between said sections, as shown in Figure 8.

In practice, after the clamp 28 has been adjusted to its inoperative position shown in Figure l, the mandrel sections are separated by pressure upon the grips l2- and the end of the strand of hair is then inserted between said sections, following which the strand is wound upon the mandrel. when completely woimd, the clamp 28 is swung toward the operative position of Figure 4 and in so doing the end portion 82 will contact the outer reduced end of the mandrel. A slight pressure upon the clamp is then required to cause the entrance of the outer end of the mandrel into the aperture 88 of the end portion 82. To aid in this result, the outer edge of the portion 82 at its point of contact with the mandrel is reduced or cut away to provide the cam surface 88 over which the end of the mandrel will ride as pressure is exerted upon the clamp. To release the curl from the mandrel, the end portion 82 is grasped and flexed outwardly to disengage it from the end of the mandrel and this operation is aided by the fact that the mandrel may have a slight longitudinal shifting movement relative to the clamp due to the concaved portionl8 which is engaged in the aperture 88' in the end portion 28. After the portion 82 of the clamp is released from the mandrel said clamp may be freely swung to its inoperative position and, thecurl thereupon slipped off of the reduced end of the mandrel.

, What is claimed is: V

l. A hair curler comprising, in combination, a mandrel upon which a strand of hair is wound and provided with one or more ribs, and a strandretaining clamp, having apertured end portions for receiving spaced sections of said mandrel, the aperture of one of said end portions having its edge formed with locking projections cooperating with said ribs to prevent rotation of said mandrel when said projections and ribs are interengaged and a strand of hair is wound on the mandrel.

2. A hair curler comprising, in combination, a mandrel upon which a strand'of hair is wound and provided with ribs on its outer surface, and a strand-retaining clamp having apertured end portions through which said mandrel extends, the edges of the apertures in said end portions being serrated to form locking projections cooperating with the ribs on said mandrel to prevent rotation of said mandrel when said projections and ribs are interengaged and a strand of hair is wound on the mandrel. a

3, A hair curler comprising, in combination, a mandrel having a reduced section adjacent one end,'said section and another section of said mandrel adjacent the other end thereof being serrated, and a strand-retaining clamp having apertured end portions the edges of the apertures of which have serrations interengageable with the serra- 6i tions on said mandrel to prevent rotation of the latter when a strand of hair is wound thereon.

4. A hair curler comprising, in combination, a mandrel having a reduced section-adjacent 'one end, said section and another section of said 7! mandrel adjacent the other end thereof being serrated, a strand-retaining clamp having apertured end portions the edges of the apertures of v which have serrations interengageable with the serrations on said mandrel to prevent rotation II of the latter when a strand of hair is wound thereon, and the end portion of said clamp remote from the first named section of said mandrel being provided with a cam surface formed by reducing its free edge for engagement by the adjacent end of said mandrel when inserting said end into the aperture of said end portion.

5. A hair curler comprising, in combination, a mandrel consisting of pivotally connected sections each grooved longitudinally on its inner and outer surfaces, with the grooves in each section aligned with each other and also with'the grooves in the other section, said sections being further provided with registering rows of air vents formed in the grooved portions thereof, and a strandretaining clamp having apertured end portions through which said mandrel extends, the edges of the apertures in said portions having serrations which interengage with the edges of the grooves in said mandrel sections to prevent rotation of the latter in said clamp when a strand of hair is wound on said mandrel.

6. A hair curler comprising, in combination, a mandrel consisting of pivotally connected sections each grooved longitudinally on its inner and outer surfaces, with the grooves in each section aligned with each other and also with the grooves in the other section, said sections being further provided with registering rows of air vents formed in the grooved portions thereof, and a strandretaining clamp having apertured end portions through which said mandrel extends, the edge of the aperture of at least one of said portions having a locking projection engageable in the outer groove of one of said mandrel sections to prevent turning of the mandrel in said end portions when a strand of hair is wound on th mandrel and ARMAND CALDORA.

engaged by said clamp.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION. P atent No. 2, 218,082. October 15, 191w.

' mum) CAL'DOBA.

it is hereby certified that the sbove numbered pal tent was erroneously issued to Pierre Miehielli as assignee' of the entireinter'est therein whereas said patent shouldhave been issded'to the inventor said "CALDOBA" as assignee of one-half interest to Pierre Michielli of Woodhaven, Long Island, New York, as shown by therecord of assignments in this office; and that the said Letters Patent shouldbe read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office,

Signed and sealed this 12th day of Noirember, A. i). 191w;

Henry Van Arsdale Acting Commissioner of Patents... 

